Description

A galvanometer is a laboratory instrument used to measure small electrical currents. It consists of a coil of wire suspended in a magnetic field, with a pointer attached to the coil that moves in response to the current passing through the coil. The pointer indicates the magnitude and direction of the current.

Galvanometers are sensitive instruments and are typically used for measuring small currents, such as those produced by biological signals or in electronic circuits. They are also used as part of more complex instruments, such as oscilloscopes and multimeters, for measuring various electrical parameters.

There are different types of galvanometers, including moving coil and moving magnet galvanometers. Moving coil galvanometers use a coil of wire that moves in a magnetic field, while moving magnet galvanometers use a magnet that moves in a coil of wire. The principle of operation is the same for both types of galvanometers, with the current passing through the coil or magnet producing a torque that moves the pointer.

Galvanometers can be calibrated to measure different ranges of current, with the sensitivity of the instrument depending on the size of the coil or magnet and the strength of the magnetic field.